ROMEO
But soft, what light through yonder window breaks? 2
It is the East, and Juliet is the sun. 3
It is my lady. O, it is my love! 10
JULIET
O Romeo, Romeo, wherefore art thou Romeo? 36
Deny thy father and refuse thy name, 37
Or, if thou wilt not, be but sworn my love, 38
And I’ll no longer be a Capulet. 39
ROMEO
I take thee at thy word. 53
Call me but love, and I’ll be new baptized . 54
JULIET
My ears have yet not drunk a hundred words 63
Of thy tongue’s uttering, yet I know the sound. 64
Art thou not Romeo, and a Montague? 65
ROMEO Neither, fair maid, if either thee dislike . 66
JULIET
O gentle Romeo, 98
If thou dost love, pronounce it faithfully. 99
In truth, fair Montague, I am too fond , 103
ROMEO
Lady, by yonder blessèd moon I vow, 112
That tips with silver all these fruit-tree tops—113
JULIET
O, swear not by the moon, th’ inconstant moon, 114
That monthly changes in her < circled > orb , 115
Lest that thy love prove likewise variable. 116
ROMEO
What shall I swear by? 117
JULIET
Do not swear at all. 118
Or, if thou wilt, swear by thy gracious self, 119
ROMEO If my heart’s dear love—122
JULIET
Well, do not swear. Although I joy in thee, 123
I have no joy of this contract tonight. 124
This bud of love, by summer’s ripening breath, 128
May prove a beauteous flower when next we meet. 129
Good night, good night. As sweet repose and rest 130
Come to thy heart as that within my breast. 131
ROMEO O, wilt thou leave me so unsatisfied? 132
JULIET What satisfaction canst thou have tonight? 133
ROMEO Th’ exchange of thy love’s faithful vow for mine. 134
JULIT
I hear some noise within. Dear love, adieu.—143
Stay but a little; I will come again. 145 < She exits. >
ROMEO O blessèd, blessèd night! I am afeard, 146
Being in night, all this is but a dream, 147
Too flattering sweet to be substantial . 148
JULIET Three words, dear Romeo, and good night indeed. 149
Thy purpose marriage, send me word tomorrow, 151
And all my fortunes at thy foot I’ll lay
And follow thee my < lord > throughout the world. 155
ROMEO So thrive my soul—163
JULIET A thousand times good night. 164
ROMEO A thousand times the worse to want thy light.
JULIET Hist, Romeo, hist! O, for a falc’ner’s voice 169
To lure this tassel-gentle back again! 170
ROMEO My < dear. > 179
JULIET
What o’clock tomorrow 180
Shall I send to thee? 181
ROMEO By the hour of nine. 182
JULIET I will not fail. ’Tis twenty year till then. 183
I have forgot why I did call thee back. 184
’Tis almost morning. I would have thee gone, 190
And yet no farther than a wanton’s bird, 191
That lets it hop a little from his hand, 192
Like a poor prisoner in his twisted gyves , 193
And with a silken thread plucks it back again, 194
So loving-jealous of his liberty. 195
ROMEO I would I were thy bird. 196
JULIET Sweet, so would I. 197
That I shall say “Good night” till it be morrow . 201
ROMEO
Sleep dwell upon thine eyes, peace in thy breast. 202
Would I were sleep and peace so sweet to rest. 203
Hence will I to my ghostly friar’s close cell, 204
His help to crave, and my dear hap to tell. 205
JULIET Wilt thou be gone? It is not yet near day.
It was the nightingale , and not the lark, 2
Believe me, love, it was the nightingale. 5
ROMEO It was the lark , the herald of the morn, 6
No nightingale. Look, love, what envious streaks 7
Do lace the severing clouds in yonder east. 8
Night’s candles are burnt out, and jocund day 9
Stands tiptoe on the misty mountain-tops. 10
I must be gone and live, or stay and die. 11
JULIET Yond light is not daylight, I know it, I. 12
It is some meteor that the sun < exhaled > 13
Therefore stay yet. Thou need’st not to be gone. 16
ROMEO Let me be ta’en; let me be put to death. 17
I am content, so thou wilt have it so. 18
I’ll say yon gray is not the morning’s eye ; 19
’Tis but the pale reflex of Cynthia’s brow . 20
Nor that is not the lark whose notes do beat 21
The vaulty heaven so high above our heads. 22
I have more care to stay than will to go. 23
Come death and welcome. Juliet wills it so. 24
How is ’t, my soul? Let’s talk. It is not day. 25
JULIET It is, it is. Hie hence, begone, away! 26
It is the lark that sings so out of tune, 27
Some say the lark makes sweet division . 29
This doth not so, for she divideth us. 30
O, now begone. More light and light it grows. 35
ROMEO More light and light, more dark and dark our woes. 36
JULIET Then, window, let day in, and let life out. 41
ROMEO Farewell, farewell. One kiss and I’ll descend. 42
< They kiss, and Romeo descends. >
JULIET Art thou gone so? Love, lord, ay husband, friend! 43
I must hear from thee every day in the hour, 44
For in a minute there are many days. 45
O, by this count I shall be much in years 46
Ere I again behold my Romeo. 47
ROMEO Farewell. 48
I will omit no opportunity 49
That may convey my greetings, love, to thee. 50
JULIET O, think’st thou we shall ever meet again? 51
ROMEO I doubt it not; and all these woes shall serve 52
For sweet discourses in our times to come. 53
< JULIET > O God, I have an ill-divining soul! 54
Methinks I see thee, now thou art so low, 55
As one dead in the bottom of a tomb. 56
Either my eyesight fails or thou lookest pale. 57
ROMEO And trust me, love, in my eye so do you. 58
Dry sorrow drinks our blood . Adieu, adieu. 59
Friday, October 30, 2015
Wednesday, October 28, 2015
Desperation - the killer of love
In the project, I'm going to talking about how desperation influenced and changed the love between Romeo and Juliet. I would like to show the audiences a different thinking about Romeo and Juliet's love that they didn't love each other that deeply but they have no choice other than death. Since they were really young and naïve, they were too impulsive to chose the death with out carefully think about that. However, their love were actually fragile that it was easily to change by the outside influence. Thus, I'm going to show the various in their love by the analysis and the performance.
I'm going to chose both of the balcony scenes of Romeo and Juliet. The first one is Act 2 scene 1 when they first made sure that they loved each other to show their love at first. The second of is Act 3 scene 5, which right after Romeo and Juliet had their first night of marriage in desperation and separation. From those scenes, people would see their love changed from firm to variable that they loved each other and didn't want to leave in the first scene but Romeo did long to leave Juliet in the second one because of the indefinite future. In the scene, I will highlight the part in the first one that they left but come back again and again to show how they love each other firstly by the facial expression and excited voice. I will highlight the desperate and panic of Romeo and Juliet in the second one.
The scene needs two people. I'm going to be Romeo in this scene. It might be a challenge to be Romeo since I never tried to be one of the lovers before. However, I think I will try my best to understand the feeling of Romeo in the scene. To ensure both of us have equal works, we would edit the script together and have equal lines of talk. We will try really hard to make both the characters livable and true.
I'm going to chose both of the balcony scenes of Romeo and Juliet. The first one is Act 2 scene 1 when they first made sure that they loved each other to show their love at first. The second of is Act 3 scene 5, which right after Romeo and Juliet had their first night of marriage in desperation and separation. From those scenes, people would see their love changed from firm to variable that they loved each other and didn't want to leave in the first scene but Romeo did long to leave Juliet in the second one because of the indefinite future. In the scene, I will highlight the part in the first one that they left but come back again and again to show how they love each other firstly by the facial expression and excited voice. I will highlight the desperate and panic of Romeo and Juliet in the second one.
The scene needs two people. I'm going to be Romeo in this scene. It might be a challenge to be Romeo since I never tried to be one of the lovers before. However, I think I will try my best to understand the feeling of Romeo in the scene. To ensure both of us have equal works, we would edit the script together and have equal lines of talk. We will try really hard to make both the characters livable and true.
Monday, October 26, 2015
3 ideas of scenes
1. Act 2 scene 3 when Romeo and Friar Lawrence met and Act 4 scene 1 when Friar Lawrence gave Juliet the medicine so that she wouldn't die: to discuss religious vs science.
2. Act 1 scene 2 when Juliet talked to her mother and act 3 scene when Capulet wanted Juliet to marry Paris: to see the growth of Juliet that she became more brave and mature.
3. Balcony scene + Act 5 scene 3, the dying scene: to show how their love changed.
2. Act 1 scene 2 when Juliet talked to her mother and act 3 scene when Capulet wanted Juliet to marry Paris: to see the growth of Juliet that she became more brave and mature.
3. Balcony scene + Act 5 scene 3, the dying scene: to show how their love changed.
Sunday, October 25, 2015
They were lovers, but also enemies (Question 5)
According to Romeo and Juliet, the two
families in Verona were enemies, “where civil blood makes civil hands unclean”
(Act1 the prologue line 4). The whole story was a tragedy that the lovers died
because of the feud. It’s actually the feud that made the tragedy started. The
intolerant between the two families forced the young couples hide the truth of
their marriage and forced them to the depth of despair. In my perspective, the
feud is the reason that Romeo had been banished and Juliet was forced to marry
Paris in case to cause the tragedy that they both died; the story tells that
people need to have civility or it would cause the tragedy like this.
Firstly, the biggest turning point of the
book, which was Tybalt and Mercutio’s death, was definitely caused by the feud.
It’s because of Tybalt hate Romeo who entered the ball of Capulet, so that he
decided to kill Tybalt. Why did Tybalt so angry with that? It’s because of the
feud of the families. Since Montague and Capulet were enemies, Tybalt and Romeo
were enemies. Then, the truth that Tybalt killed Mercutio made Romeo crazy to
kill Tybalt. Mercutio said, “I am peppered, I warrant, for this world. A plague
o’s both your houses” when he was about to die (Act 3 scene1 line 103-104). He
cursed both of the houses because their feud made he die, and their feud made
Romeo had to kill Tybalt to comfort Mercutio’s soul. Thus, Romeo was banished,
and it’s the feud, that made them keep on quarrelling with each other, and even
kill each other to cause the tragedy.
On the other hand, the feud made Juliet
feel afraid to tell her parents the truth that she had already married with
Romeo. Since the families were enemies, if Capulet and Lady Capulet found that
Juliet has already married with Romeo, they would send her to be a null
immediately. Thus, Juliet was kind of desperate that time that she couldn’t
tell anything about her marriage and she was going to send to marry with
another man. Also, the nurse, the only person that new the truth, even
encourage her to marry with Paris. Then, she said, “Be not so long to speak. I
long to die if what thou speak’st speak not of remedy” to Friar Lawrence (Act
four scene 1 line 67,68). Her only choice in her perspective was to die because
of the hate between the family and her love to Romeo. Juliet was truly
desperate because of the feud.
Then, in the story, since the families
didn’t have civility, the tragedy formed. They were kind of rude that when
Tybalt first saw Romeo, the only thing in his mind was to kick him out of the
ball. It’s because Tybalt didn’t have civility, so that he couldn’t even wait
to kill Romeo. People that didn’t have civility were brutal and uncivilized.
They didn’t give any routes to retreat for their opponents, so that they would
gave their selves no ways to retreat. Since Tybalt kill Mercutio and Capulet
wanted Romeo to be banished, their cruel to Romeo caused the same cruel to
Juliet, their daughter, and caused the tragedy.
Admittedly, it’s the feud, that’s in the
middle of the family keep the lovers far away from each other and finally died.
That was a tragic ending. Thus, I wish people would think more before they were
going to do any decisions without civility and I wish the feud wouldn’t be
difficult to step over between lovers with true love.
Shakespeare, William, Barbara A. Mowat, and Paul Werstine. Romeo and Juliet. New York: Washington Square Published by Pocket, 1992. Print.
Thursday, October 22, 2015
Question
Essay question:
Why did the families finally stay in peace? Does it caused by only Romeo and Juliet's death?
Why did Romeo and Juliet loved each other so much that they could even die for each other?
Short answer question:
What was the nurse's feeling when she found that Juliet died?
Would Friar Lawrence regret to give Juliet the medicine?
What was Juliet's mother feel about Juliet? Did she love Juliet?
Why did the nurse want Juliet to marry Paris after Tybalt's death?
Was Romeo surprised when he found Paris at the monument?
Fact Questions:
Who told Romeo that Juliet was died?
How old was Juliet when she married Romeo?
Why didn't Juliet's father drive Romeo out of the ball in act 2?
Why did Mercutio killed?
Who decided Romeo would be banished?
Why did the families finally stay in peace? Does it caused by only Romeo and Juliet's death?
Why did Romeo and Juliet loved each other so much that they could even die for each other?
Short answer question:
What was the nurse's feeling when she found that Juliet died?
Would Friar Lawrence regret to give Juliet the medicine?
What was Juliet's mother feel about Juliet? Did she love Juliet?
Why did the nurse want Juliet to marry Paris after Tybalt's death?
Was Romeo surprised when he found Paris at the monument?
Fact Questions:
Who told Romeo that Juliet was died?
How old was Juliet when she married Romeo?
Why didn't Juliet's father drive Romeo out of the ball in act 2?
Why did Mercutio killed?
Who decided Romeo would be banished?
Tuesday, October 20, 2015
Sunday, October 18, 2015
How to stage and perform
In the weeks before, we have been staging
and performing a few scenes in class. It was truly interesting and I enjoy the
processes a lot. Even though I wasn’t an artful or creative person at all, it’s
great to see the scenes that you staged and acted by groups of people including
you. It’s easy decide the movement of the characters while it’s difficult to
behave in the perspective of the character and gather the whole group together
to perform the scene. When the script, the characters, the emotion and movement
are all well prepared and acted, it would be a good scene.
It’s easy to decide the emotion and the
movement during directing a scene. In the perspective of a director, it’s so
clear to see the disadvantage of the actors. As an old saying in China
maintained that, “The onlookers see the most clear”. When I was a director, it
would be more clear to point out when should an actor stand up, when should an
actor move around or when should an actor turn around. Also, it would be easy to
tell if the people were over acted, too loud or quiet. Thus, the staging
process was the easiest compared to the others.
It’s hard to perform that I couldn’t show
the proper emotion as the character has. For example, I tried to act Juliet in
last scene, but it’s hard hid my laugh when I saw “Romeo’s” eyes. I couldn’t
put my mind in to the one who I performed, so that’s a reason that I wasn’t a
professional and good actress. One of the most important things in a play was
emotion. Since I couldn’t think like Juliet, I wouldn’t act like Juliet. It’s
true that I should challenge myself to be the person that I wasn’t familiar or
feel comfortable with, but it’s hard for me to settle myself in in two days as
well. I wish I would control my emotion better and then be a delicate actress.
After the difficulties, there are many
factors to make up a good scene. First of all, the actors must speak in a
proper voice and a proper speed to make sure that the audience could hear you
clearly. Then, the facial expression of an actor was extremely important. It
should be exaggerated since there were some distance between the stage and the
audience. Also, it needed to be accurate to show the happiness or sadness of a
character. If the script was the body of a good performance, then the
performing of the actors should be the soul to show people the essence of the
scene. Every part of the play was presenting by the actors so that I should
really be serious to act.
Lastly, I should improve in feeling the
emotion of the characters. For example, I should feel the love to Romeo by
being Juliet. A good actor should put away all his emotion in the real life and
being the character instead. I wish I would feel the characters better and hope
to have a good scene next time.
Thursday, October 8, 2015
Act two scene three in Cheshire Academy (Crazy Lawrence)
Act two scene three in Cheshire Academy.
Romeo: R Friar Lawrence: F
Romeo enters chemistry classroom
R: Dr. Lawrence!! Dr. Lawrence!! What are you doing here! I have something to talk with you! Please, you must help me this time!
F: Oh… why are you coming again? Can’t you leave me a spare time to make my mind free? (Turns around) Emm… I really should heat the copper sulfate solution instead of just leave it there. (Turns back to Romeo) okay, young boy, tell me what happened again?
R: Yes, yes yes, a girl! That’s a girl, my goddess, my bright angel! Ju…….
F: (Interrupts Romeo) stop! Talkative boy. AAAHHH, what was the pH scale of sulfuric acid again? Ah darn it, naughty boy. Tell me, what happened to Rosaline?
R: No, it’s not about Rosaline, but…
F: Whom are you crushing on again? I just heard you talk about Rosaline all day and it made me suffocate, and you change your love immediately?
R: Emm.. I … guess … so… but you don’t know how cute she is. She…
F: Okay, okay, stop! All the girls that you mentioned with “love” sounds cute. Let me put this lab away, what is her name again?
R: Juliet (mesmerizing) Isn’t she an angel? Isn’t she has the most beautiful and the most poetic name of the world?
F: Oh, Juliet, that’s a cute name. But wait a second Romeo, isn’t she the daughter of your family’s enemy? Juliet Montague, the Montague Company. Wake up Romeo, it’s better if you hide your “love” first.
R: Oh please, Dr. Lawrence, it’s impossible for me to hide my crushing on her. She’s my soul mate, and she’s my life. I cannot live for even a day without seeing her. Dr. Lawrence, I love that girl called Juliet, no matter she’s my enemy’s daughter or not.
F: What about Tybalt? Aren’t you just hates him and his buddies so much?
R: I did, but I pray to love him then, only because of he was Juliet’s cousin. I’m so sure that I will never love others as much as her anymore.
F: Well, it seems like I cannot stop your love. I wish the generous God will bless you my son. What do you want me to do?
R: Dr. Lawrence, I miss Juliet so much, and I want to see her so much. Would you call on her parents and ask her to come to your classroom this afternoon? Please.
F: Okay, whatever, I will help you once anyway. No matter it’s just for you or helping both of your families my naughty and amorous boy. So, now, help me test the experiment first, right now!
Romeo: R Friar Lawrence: F
Romeo enters chemistry classroom
R: Dr. Lawrence!! Dr. Lawrence!! What are you doing here! I have something to talk with you! Please, you must help me this time!
F: Oh… why are you coming again? Can’t you leave me a spare time to make my mind free? (Turns around) Emm… I really should heat the copper sulfate solution instead of just leave it there. (Turns back to Romeo) okay, young boy, tell me what happened again?
R: Yes, yes yes, a girl! That’s a girl, my goddess, my bright angel! Ju…….
F: (Interrupts Romeo) stop! Talkative boy. AAAHHH, what was the pH scale of sulfuric acid again? Ah darn it, naughty boy. Tell me, what happened to Rosaline?
R: No, it’s not about Rosaline, but…
F: Whom are you crushing on again? I just heard you talk about Rosaline all day and it made me suffocate, and you change your love immediately?
R: Emm.. I … guess … so… but you don’t know how cute she is. She…
F: Okay, okay, stop! All the girls that you mentioned with “love” sounds cute. Let me put this lab away, what is her name again?
R: Juliet (mesmerizing) Isn’t she an angel? Isn’t she has the most beautiful and the most poetic name of the world?
F: Oh, Juliet, that’s a cute name. But wait a second Romeo, isn’t she the daughter of your family’s enemy? Juliet Montague, the Montague Company. Wake up Romeo, it’s better if you hide your “love” first.
R: Oh please, Dr. Lawrence, it’s impossible for me to hide my crushing on her. She’s my soul mate, and she’s my life. I cannot live for even a day without seeing her. Dr. Lawrence, I love that girl called Juliet, no matter she’s my enemy’s daughter or not.
F: What about Tybalt? Aren’t you just hates him and his buddies so much?
R: I did, but I pray to love him then, only because of he was Juliet’s cousin. I’m so sure that I will never love others as much as her anymore.
F: Well, it seems like I cannot stop your love. I wish the generous God will bless you my son. What do you want me to do?
R: Dr. Lawrence, I miss Juliet so much, and I want to see her so much. Would you call on her parents and ask her to come to your classroom this afternoon? Please.
F: Okay, whatever, I will help you once anyway. No matter it’s just for you or helping both of your families my naughty and amorous boy. So, now, help me test the experiment first, right now!
Wednesday, October 7, 2015
Death
Juliet was truly excited to wait for her husband at night, and night conclude all the happiness and imaginations in her mind. However, when the nurse came, what she heard was the release of her husband and the death of Tybalt, her cousin. She wasn't just sad, but desperate. The death of Tybalt foreshadowed Romeo and Juliet's death as well. She was saying that the releasing of Romeo brought her infinitive desperate and sadness that she would even want to die because of his banishment. She would even want to die because she thought Romeo would never come again.
Tuesday, October 6, 2015
2 lines in class writing
The cold at night does make the children cry.
The moon brought children the feeling of calm.
The moon brought children the feeling of calm.
Monday, October 5, 2015
In class writing - anger
Anger is a powerful expression because people would lose their temper and anger would control their mind to do things without thinking. When people get mad, they would lose the ability to identify right or wrong. Anger might led them to do a thing that they would regret forever.
For example, a child have left her home because of arguing with her parents. He felt disappointed and angry, and she couldn't focus on walking. She was careless and walked to the road. A car was coming directly and shocked by her suddenly coming, but it couldn't stop. The girl died because of the car accident, and the parents were extremely sad. Even though it wasn't the fault of the car driver since the girl walked to the road too fast without even thinking, the parents still blamed the car driver. The car driver still got punished. There were many tragedies caused by anger.
Actually, the tragedies could be prevented. In this event, if the parents of the girl stopped her from leaving home instead of staying angry and ignorance, then it wouldn't happen. If the girl thought more about what has happened and understand her parents' mind of love and caring, then she wouldn't argue with them. For Romeo, if he could stay peaceful and think for one more second,he would know that the police would come and punish Tybalt, who killed his friend. When people met anger, if they thought more, then the tragedies wouldn't happen.
For example, a child have left her home because of arguing with her parents. He felt disappointed and angry, and she couldn't focus on walking. She was careless and walked to the road. A car was coming directly and shocked by her suddenly coming, but it couldn't stop. The girl died because of the car accident, and the parents were extremely sad. Even though it wasn't the fault of the car driver since the girl walked to the road too fast without even thinking, the parents still blamed the car driver. The car driver still got punished. There were many tragedies caused by anger.
Actually, the tragedies could be prevented. In this event, if the parents of the girl stopped her from leaving home instead of staying angry and ignorance, then it wouldn't happen. If the girl thought more about what has happened and understand her parents' mind of love and caring, then she wouldn't argue with them. For Romeo, if he could stay peaceful and think for one more second,he would know that the police would come and punish Tybalt, who killed his friend. When people met anger, if they thought more, then the tragedies wouldn't happen.
Sunday, October 4, 2015
Modern setting and classical characters
I watched the 1996 version of Romeo and
Juliet, which was directed by Baz Luhrmann (Romeo+Juliet). It used the original
language of Romeo and Juliet and decreased a few parts where the nurse or Romeo
spoke too much. While the language mainly stays the same, the setting was
totally different. It’s because this adaption of Romeo and Juliet was settled
in a modernized city with some Hawaiian style clothes. Most part about the main
characters, Romeo and Juliet, was kind of serious and classic. However, the
others were kind of funny. The movie was great that I liked how the director
settled in the language and the costumes of the main character while I didn’t
like how the supporting roles so much.
First of all, the love between Romeo and
Juliet was aesthetic that it could make anyone have an imagination with perfect
love. However, the supporting characters destroyed the mood a lot. For example,
in the balcony scene, I was immersed in how Romeo and Juliet told their love to
each other, but the nurse came too fast to ruin everything. It was attractive
to hear the young lovers’ deep love voice, but an incisive noise from the nurse
sounded to scratch the whole sky came suddenly. There were lots of scenes that were
similar to this one, and this was the only pity of the whole movie.
Despite the pitiful supporting characters
of the movie, the other parts and the direction of the scenes seemed
remarkable, especially the fish tank scene when Romeo and Juliet first met.
Staying far away from the rumble and fancy ball, two people, both has the
clearest and deepest eyes in the world, met each other. The eyes were truly
similar, and I even didn’t know who was the one that I watched in to. The two
people were similar that they both hate the noise world and walked to the only
quiet corner of the room. Even though the suit of Romeo and the pure dress of
Juliet were so different from the whole world in Verona, they were soul mate of
each other.
Otherwise, I liked how Friar Lawrence
reacted. He was one of the most important characters who helped Romeo and
Juliet engaged and led them to their death, accidentally (Shakespeare). He
believed in science and also believed in God. In the film, when he first came
out, he was teaching the young boys with a crazy sight staring at the liquid on
his hand. Also, he was crazy when he shouted at Romeo about Romeo’s changing
love and shouted at Juliet when she lost her temper by knowing she needed to
marry Paris. However, this crazy science person was also holy, when he hosted
Romeo and Juliet’s engagement. The director perfectly mixed both of his
identity together and made him to a vivid person.
To conclude, the 1996 version of Romeo and
Juliet was great. I wasn’t just attracted by the handsome Romeo and pretty
Juliet, but also the whole design of the movie.
Citation:
"Romeo + Juliet." Wikipedia.
Wikimedia Foundation, n.d. Web. 04 Oct. 2015.
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